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Participatory research with people with high support needs

On 28th November the University of Southampton hosted the third in a series of four seminars funded by ESRC working on pushing the boundaries of participatory research with people with learning disabilities. This particular seminar, convened by Melanie Nind of SJIE, focused on inclusive approaches for people with high support needs. The speakers included Nicola Grove from Open Storytellers, Andy Minnion and Ajay Choksi from the Rix Centre, Katherine Runswick-Cole from Manchester Metropolitan University, and Debby Watson, Hilra Vinha and Sue Ledger (with Sue Thorp and Lindy Rowbotham) talking about their doctoral research. They were able to showcase a range of approaches to involving people with learning disabilities in research for whom the barriers are more complex than those ordinarily faced because of sensory or intellectual impairment, medical needs, or communication difficulties.

KONICA MINOLTA DIGITAL CAMERA

Using technology to support participation

Inclusive seminar use of pictures

Children’s cartoon representations of self

 

These approaches involved using technology, using visual methods, acting as a researcher in residence, working with real objects and with real sensitivity, and going with people with learning disabilities into places of importance for them. In many ways the approaches discussed are approaches used by other qualitative researchers, and the issues and challenges faced had much in common too. It seemed that perhaps most distinctive about involving people in research whose needs are greater or more complex is the determination of the researchers to do this, their willingness to think creatively around the challenges, and the investment of time to build understandings on all sides slowly and carefully, layer upon layer. This was a great event contributing to the Centre’s focus on inclusive research as well as inclusive education.

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Merci Arapi!

Sarah Parsons was recently invited to speak at the bi-annual Autumn University organised by the French autism organisation ‘Arapi’ (Association pour la recherche sur l’autisme et la prévention des inadaptations), in collaboration with the Universities of Tours and Toulouse. This was the 12th Autumn University, held in the very beautiful coastal town of Le Croisic, from 1st-5th October 2013. The event was extemely successful, being attended by around 400 delegates, many coming from France but also internationally, including Brazil, Switzerland, Cameroon, Belgium,  and Italy. The conference programme included sessions on Early Development and Intervention, Neuroscience and Genetics, and New Technologies for assessment and intervention. Sarah’s talk was in the new technologies for intervention session where she talked about her research on the application of virtual reality technologies for supporting learning and understanding of social skills and conventions for children on the autism spectrum. The friendliness and hospitality of this conference was a real highlight: many thanks to the arapi for the kind invitation to attend!

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New inclusive research paper published

Mel Nind and Hilra Vinha have published a new paper on inclusive research for the National Centre for Research Methods (NCRM). The paper follows on from, and builds upon, an earlier Review: ‘Conducting qualitative research with people with communication, learning and other disabilities: Methodological challenges’ (Nind, 2008). This new paper is distinctive in that it is concerned only with doing research with, rather than on, people with learning disabilities and others. The focus is on the practicalities of such research – often known as participatory research. The paper also looks at research done by people with learning disabilities, often labelled emancipatory research. The focus is on researching in ways that are respectful and inclusive of the community being researched, on problems they feel ownership of, in ways that support them and that involve collaboration and openness.

 

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Autism special issue podcast now live!

A special issue of the journal Autism was published in May 2013 focusing on ‘school-based research of autism spectrum disorders‘ , jointly guest edited by Sarah Parsons and Professor Connie Kasari from UCLA. A podcast is now available in which Sarah and Connie talk about the papers in the issue and what prompted the idea. The editorial for the special issue can be downloaded for free here and emphasises the need for autism researchers to commit to carrying out more research in school settings.

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SJIE colleagues at BERA this week

The British Educational Research Assocation (BERA) holds its annual conference this week at the University of Sussex. SJIE colleagues are well represented in the conference programme with Mel Nind and Kalwant Bhopal both participating in keynote symposia on Tuesday September 3rd. Mel Nind will be discussing her research as part of the ESRC’s National Centre for Research Methods (NCRM) programme; her paper is co-written with Rose Wiles and Andrew Bengry-Howell from the University of Southampton and is titled: Risk, creativity and ethics: dimensions of innovation in qualitative social science research methods. This paper is part of the ‘Research Methdology in Education’ keynote symposium.

Kalwant Bhopal is chairing the keynote symposium on ‘Race, ethnicity and education’ and is also giving a paper, co-authored with Uvanney Maylor from the University of Bedfordshire, titled: Educational inequalities: ‘race’, class and gender. Kalwant is also presenting three other papers at the conference covering different aspects of her research on race, education and marginalised groups.

Kiki Messiou is presenting her paper in a symposium on September 4th focusing on ‘Using students’ voices to promote inclusion through teacher professional development in schools’. Her paper is co-written with colleagues from the Universities of Madrid and the Algarve and is based on her international project work funded by the European Commission. The paper is titled: Developing the rationale for the project and a way of working with schools.

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Writing to learn at EARLI conference in Munich

David Galbraith presented two papers at last week’s EARLI conference in Munich. The first (with Veerle Baaijen and Kees de Glopper from the University of Groningen) was about “Building content during writing”, and presented a new method for investigating the processes involved in developing understanding through writing. The paper provided clear evidence that this involves a combination of reflective thought and more spontaneous language production processes . See David’s paper on “Writing as discovery” (http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/337490/) for more about these processes, and Baaijen, Galbraith & de Glopper (2012) (http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/339044/) for more about using keystroke logging to investigate them.

The second (also with Veerle and Kees) was about the “The effect of writing beliefs on writing performance”, and showed that beliefs about writing have a strong influence on how well students write and on how much they learn from writing.  In particular, it suggested that the traditional advice to make an outline before writing is not helpful for some writers. It doesn’t help them write any better, and it actively prevents them from developing their understanding while writing.

David was also the discussant for a symposium organised by Martine Braaksma and Gert Rijlaarsdam (University of Amsterdam) on “Intervention studies in writing-to-learn”. A meta-analysis presented by Steve Graham (Arizona State University) at the symposium demonstrated that writing can have strong effects on reading comprehension.  A keynote at the conference by Alexander Renkl (University of Freiburg) on a particular implementation of writing-to-learn research – learning journals – suggested that this kind of reflective writing can play an important role in students’ learning and the development of their learning strategies.

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Parsons wins EPSRC Responsible Technologies Prizes

Sarah Parsons has been awarded prizes of £500 each for two papers submitted to the EPSRC-funded call for papers on Responsible Innovation in ICT. Both papers were accepted following peer review and have now been published in the online Observatory.

The first paper co-authored with Sue Cobb at the University of Nottingham discusses the importance of user ‘voices’ in research and draws upon over a decade of work involving children and young people on the autism spectrum in educational technology design. The paper describes the kinds of methods that have been used to support children’s involvement, using examples drawn from three different projects.

The second paper was co-authored with Chris Abbott from KCL and discusses the ethical challenges of gaining informed consent from children and young people to take part in research. The paper argues that digital technologies potentially have an important role to play in this process by making information more accessible and responses more autonomous for children and young people with a range of communication needs.

 

 

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PGCE ‘voice’ conference a great success

PGCE conference poster

On June 13th 2013 members of the SJIE Research Centre held a conference on ‘Voices in Education’ for some of the PGCE students who have recently completed their training. The conference was organised by Cristina Azaola and Kiki Messiou and intended as a forum where:

 – research centre members and PGCE students could meet each other

– we could all think about research-informed teaching and practice

– students could consider how issues of social justice and inclusion relate to their teaching

The audience!

– students could meet other teachers / practitioners currently undertaking their own research for doctoral degrees.

 The morning was a great success with approximately 60 people attending in total (staff and students). Cristina, Kiki and Kate Green started the morning by welcoming the students to the conference, followed by a brief introduction to the SJIE research centre from Sarah Parsons (Head of Centre). Kiki then gave a really interesting paper about her ongoing international work on ‘ Responding to diversity by engaging with students’ voices: a strategy for teacher development’, including very practical suggestions for classroom management and organisation from her recent project meeting in Portugal.

Kiki presenting

 Sarah then talked about ‘Disabled children and ‘voice’: how can we give a voice to those who may not often be heard?’ drawing upon research conducted for the Disability Rights Commission a few years ago.  Main messages from that were that disabled children and young people know when they are not being listened to and often it is the ‘small things’ that matter (e.g. writing in a thicker pen on the board; being believed when saying they were OK to work by themselves).  There was plenty of group discussion during the morning and opportunities for questions. Mel Nind gave an excellent summing up of the morning and encouraged students to retain their agency and criticality as practitioners to make sure that their own voices are heard as well as the students!  

Margaret’s poster

 Matt Sambrook, Mona Mohabbatsafa, Margaret Smith presented excellent posters of their doctoral work focusing on inclusion in mainstream schools, language games in Iranian classrooms, and multi-disciplinary working within a behavioural support service. This was a good opportunity for them to share what they have been researching and for the PGCE students to hear about doctoral research being carried out by fellow practitioners. Kalwant Bhopal (Director of Postgraduate Research Degrees) was also on hand to talk through the range of post-PGCE study options available for the trainees should they consider returning to study in the future.

Matt’s poster

Finally, some comments from the students which sum-up the day – we hope to do something similar again next year!:

The conference made me consider my own position as a teacher

 The conference was helpful because it allowed me to reflect on my practice and think about students in my classes

The whole thing was thought-provoking and reminded me that there are really important aspects of our practice that we need to revisit constantly

Mona’s poster

  

 

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Special issue on autism research in schools published

Sarah Parsons is joint guest editor with Professor Connie Kasari from UCLA, of a special issue for the journal Autism, which has now been published. The special issue on ‘school-based research of autism spectrum disorders’ discusses the methodological challenges, but also necessity, of conducting more autism research with children in their school settings. The special issue also includes some examples of interesting and effective research with children in schools, showing what is possible when we place schools at the centre of what we do.

The editorial for the article by Sarah and Connie can be downloaded for free here and emphasises the need for researchers to commit to carrying out more research in school settings since:

Schools may be the perfect laboratory as nearly all children go to school; therefore, conducting research in school settings can increase research samples of children to include those who are traditionally underserved, under-represented and under-resourced.

Sarah also has a paper in the special issue, co-written with other researchers and also teachers, discussing their research partnership as a way of strengthening links between autism practice and research. The paper ‘Bridging the research and practice gap in autism: The importance of creating research partnerships with schools’ discusses the Pan-London Autism Schools Network – Research (PLASN-R) Advisory group and the potential this model of collaboration may offer for schools and researchers. As the paper notes:

PLASN-R has demonstrated a productive and novel working relationship, with a research partnership being formed with schools that provide education for almost 700 children. To any funder, the scale and potential impact of research outputs from PLASN-R is attractive and now the “pilot” stage of PLASN-R has been completed there is time for reflection before considering how to provide sustainable support for this initiative.  

This initiative, and the paper, represents a good example of the importance of working in collaboration which is one of the key features of the work of members of the SJIE research centre.

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Inclusive research at Finland conference

Last week Melanie Nind presented a paper at the Nordic Network of Disability Research 12th Research Conference in Turku, Finland. The paper ‘Understanding quality in inclusive research: a process of dialogue’ (http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/352715/), which reported on findings from her ESRC-funded study (www.doingresearchinclusively.org), was part of an international symposium on inclusive research methodology. Some highlights from the conference were keynotes by Eva Kittay (Stony Brook University), Dan Goodley (University of Sheffield) and Jan Grue (University of Oslo). As always at NNDR conferences academic and activist agendas were combined making for a very strong focus on social justice.

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